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WICKED, WICKEDNESS | 恶人与邪恶

📖 出处:J. Glentworth Butler, Topical Analysis of the Bible(《圣经主题分析》),1897 年出版,公有领域。原书 p. 525–526

正文中的罗马数字引用(如 XI. 268)指向作者另一部著作 The Bible Work 的卷号与页码,保留原样。明显的 OCR 识别错误已修正。经文中文采用和合本通行译法。经文英文原文为 KJV/RV(1611/1885),其下 BSB 行是现代英语对照译文(Berean Standard Bible,公有领域)。本词条论恶人:恶的源头在心、两约对恶人品格与行为的描写、作恶的结果,末为神向恶人所发的恳劝与劝诫。

💡 使用提示:鼠标悬停任意英文单词 1.5 秒(或点击)可查看音标与释义——带下划线的是本词条精编词汇,其余单词自动查通用词典(离线);划选任意单词或短语(如 according to)也可查询并朗读;英文原文默认隐藏,点每节标题右侧的「显示EN」可展开该节,顶部按钮可一次展开全部;顶部另有现代英译与语法说明开关。

恶的源头与恶人的结局 / The Source in the Heart, and the Results of Evil-Doing

ENWICKED, WICKEDNESS; godless, ungodly, ungodliness; unrighteous, unrighteousness; unholy; unbelieving; evil men, evil-doers. The source and spring is in the heart: Matt. 12:35. An evil man out of the evil treasure of the heart bringeth forth evil things. Mark 7:21, 22. For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders, thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness. Prov. 21:10. The soul of the wicked desireth evil. Prov. 2:14. Who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the frowardness of the wicked. Eccl. 8:11. Therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil. John 3:19. And men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. Jer. 4:14. O Jerusalem, wash thine heart from wickedness, that thou mayest be saved. Heb. 3:12. An evil heart of unbelief. The wicked are described, in character and in deeds, in both Testaments: Ps. 5:9. Their inward part is very wickedness. Ps. 36:1-4. The transgression of the wicked saith within my heart, that there is no fear of God before his eyes. Ps. 73:6-9. Therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain. Prov. 6:12-19. A naughty person, a wicked man, walketh with a froward mouth. Isa. 59:3-14. Their feet run to evil, and they make haste to shed innocent blood. Rom. 1:28-31; Rom. 3:11-18. There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. 2 Tim. 3:2-5. For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud . . . having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof.

BSBMark 7:21 For from within the hearts of men come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery,

语法frowardness:乖僻悖逆(froward 的名词);naughty person:无赖的恶徒(naughty 古义远重于今日的『淘气』);compasseth them about:环绕他们(如链子戴在项上);a form of godliness:敬虔的外貌。
语法参:不用 do 的古体否定(Be not / Fret not) → 004 There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God:none that 的全称否定连用(罗 3:11)。

中恶人;邪恶;不虔的、不敬神的、不虔不敬;不义的、不义;不圣洁的;不信的;作恶的人。其源头与泉眼在心里:马太福音 12:35 —— 恶人从他心里所存的恶就发出恶来。马可福音 7:21-22 —— 因为从里面,就是从人心里,发出恶念、苟合、偷盗、凶杀、奸淫、贪婪、邪恶、诡诈、淫荡、嫉妒、谤讟、骄傲、狂妄。箴言 21:10 —— 恶人的心乐人受祸(英译:恶人的魂贪爱恶)。2:14 —— 那等人喜欢行恶,喜爱恶人的乖僻。传道书 8:11 —— 所以世人满心作恶。约翰福音 3:19 —— 世人因自己的行为是恶的,不爱光倒爱黑暗。耶利米书 4:14 —— 耶路撒冷啊,你当洗去心中的恶,使你可以得救。希伯来书 3:12 —— 不信的恶心。两约都描写了恶人的品格与行为:诗篇 5:9 —— 他们的心里满有邪恶。36:1-4 —— 恶人的罪过在他心里说:我眼中不怕神。73:6-9 —— 所以骄傲如链子戴在他们的项上。箴言 6:12-19 —— 无赖的恶徒,行动就用乖僻的口。以赛亚书 59:3-14 —— 他们的脚奔跑行恶,他们急速流无辜人的血。罗马书 1:28-31;3:11-18 —— 没有明白的,没有寻求神的。提摩太后书 3:2-5 —— 因为那时人要专顾自己、贪爱钱财、自夸、狂傲……有敬虔的外貌,却背了敬虔的实意。

ENResults of evil-doing: 2 Tim. 3:13. But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. Job 4:8. They that plow iniquity, and sow wickedness, reap the same. Hos. 8:7. For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind. Prov. 1:31. Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way. Prov. 11:5. But the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness. Prov. 13:21. Evil pursueth sinners. Prov. 14:32. The wicked is driven away in his wickedness. Ps. 34:16. The face of the Lord is against them that do evil. Micah 2:1. Woe to them that devise iniquity, and work evil upon their beds! Eccl. 8:13. But it shall not be well with the wicked. Ps. 1:4-6. The ungodly are not so, but are like the chaff which the wind driveth away. Therefore the ungodly shall not stand in the judgment . . . but the way of the ungodly shall perish. Ps. 37:38. The end of the wicked shall be cut off. Job 27:8. For what is the hope of the hypocrite, though he hath gained, when God taketh away his soul? Mark 8:36. For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? Isa. 57:21. There is no peace, saith my God, to the wicked. Rom. 1:18. For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men. Rom. 2:8, 9. Indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil. Rom. 6:23. For the wages of sin is death. 1 Cor. 6:9. Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? 1 Pet. 4:18. And if the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear? Rev. 21:8. And the unbelieving, and the abominable . . . shall have their part in the second death.

BSBGalatians 6:8 The one who sows to please his flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; but the one who sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life.

语法参:him that / them that = he who / those who → 001 them that do evil / every soul of man that doeth evil:that 关系式两例;They that plow iniquity, and sow wickedness, reap the same(伯 4:8)亦同。
语法seducers:迷惑人的;wax worse and worse:越久越恶(wax 古义『渐渐变得』,与 wane 相对);chaff:糠秕;scarcely be saved:仅仅得救(彼前 4:18)。

中作恶的结果:提摩太后书 3:13 —— 只是作恶的和迷惑人的必越久越恶,他欺哄人,也被人欺哄。约伯记 4:8 —— 按我所见,耕罪孽、种毒害的人,都照样收割。何西阿书 8:7 —— 他们所种的是风,所收的是暴风。箴言 1:31 —— 所以必吃自结的果子。11:5 —— 恶人必因自己的恶跌倒。13:21 —— 祸患追赶罪人。14:32 —— 恶人在所行的恶上必被推倒。诗篇 34:16 —— 耶和华向行恶的人变脸。弥迦书 2:1 —— 祸哉,那些在床上图谋罪孽、造作奸恶的!传道书 8:13 —— 恶人却不得福乐。诗篇 1:4-6 —— 恶人并不是这样,乃像糠秕被风吹散。因此当审判的时候恶人必站立不住……惟有恶人的道路却必灭亡。37:38 —— 恶人终必剪除。约伯记 27:8 —— 不敬虔的人虽然得利,神夺取其命的时候还有什么指望呢?马可福音 8:36 —— 人就是赚得全世界,赔上自己的生命,有什么益处呢?以赛亚书 57:21 —— 我的神说:恶人必不得平安。罗马书 1:18 —— 原来神的忿怒从天上显明在一切不虔不义的人身上。2:8-9 —— 惟有结党……将忿怒、恼恨报应他们;将患难、困苦加给一切作恶的人。6:23 —— 因为罪的工价乃是死。哥林多前书 6:9 —— 你们岂不知不义的人不能承受神的国吗?彼得前书 4:18 —— 若是义人仅仅得救,那不虔敬和犯罪的人将有何地可站呢?启示录 21:8 —— 惟有胆怯的、不信的、可憎的……他们的分就在第二次的死。

ENDivine pleas and counsels: Jer. 44:4. Oh, do not this abominable thing that I hate. Ezek. 33:11. Say unto them, As I live, saith the Lord God, I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked; but that the wicked turn from his way and live: turn ye, turn ye from your evil ways; for why will ye die, O house of Israel? Isa. 55:7. Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and He will have mercy upon him. Prov. 4:14, 15. Enter not into the path of the wicked, and go not in the way of evil men. Avoid it, pass not by it, turn from it, and pass away. Ps. 34:14. Depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it. Amos 5:14, 15. Seek good, and not evil, that ye may live . . . Hate the evil, and love the good. Rom. 12:21. Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good. 1 Thes. 5:15, 22. See that none render evil for evil unto any man . . . Abstain from all appearance of evil. Titus 2:12. Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world. 1 John 1:9. If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.

BSBEzekiel 33:11 Say to them: ‘As surely as I live, declares the Lord GOD, I take no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but rather that the wicked should turn from their ways and live. Turn! Turn from your evil ways! For why should you die, O house of Israel?’

语法参:Let + 第三人称祈使句 → 003 Let the wicked forsake his way … and let him return unto the Lord:let 祈使两连(赛 55:7)。
语法参:呼格 O + 称呼语 → 003 for why will ye die, O house of Israel?:呼格后置的反问(结 33:11——全书中神最恳切的一句呼吁)。
语法pleas:恳劝、恳求(法庭用语的引申);As I live:我指着我的永生起誓(神起誓的固定说法);all appearance of evil:各样的恶事(appearance 此处古义近于『形式、种类』)。

中神的恳劝与劝诫:耶利米书 44:4 —— 这可憎的事是我所恨的,不要行吧!以西结书 33:11 —— 你对他们说:主耶和华说:我指着我的永生起誓,我断不喜悦恶人死亡,惟喜悦恶人转离所行的道而活。以色列家啊,你们转回,转回吧!离开恶道,何必死亡呢?以赛亚书 55:7 —— 恶人当离弃自己的道路,不义的人当除掉自己的意念,归向耶和华,耶和华就必怜恤他。箴言 4:14-15 —— 不可行恶人的路,不要走坏人的道。要躲避,不可经过;要转身而去。诗篇 34:14 —— 要离恶行善,寻求和睦,一心追赶。阿摩司书 5:14-15 —— 你们要求善,不要求恶,就必存活……要恶恶好善。罗马书 12:21 —— 你不可为恶所胜,反要以善胜恶。帖撒罗尼迦前书 5:15, 22 —— 你们要谨慎,无论是谁都不可以恶报恶……各样的恶事要禁戒不做。提多书 2:12 —— 教训我们除去不敬虔的心和世俗的情欲,在今世自守、公义、敬虔度日。约翰一书 1:9 —— 我们若认自己的罪,神是信实的,是公义的,必要赦免我们的罪,洗净我们一切的不义。

词汇表(CET-4 及以上)

单词音标词性与释义
wax worse and worse/wæks/越久越恶(提后 3:13;wax 古义『渐渐变得』,与 wane 相对)【GRE】
naughty/ˈnɔːti/adj.【古义】恶劣无赖的(箴 6:12),远重于今日的『淘气』【四级】
froward / frowardness/ˈfrəʊəd/adj./n.【古】乖僻悖逆(的)【GRE】
chaff/tʃɑːf/n. 糠秕(诗 1:4『像糠秕被风吹散』)【GRE】
As I live我指着我的永生起誓(结 33:11;神起誓的固定说法)
a form of godliness敬虔的外貌(提后 3:5,却背了敬虔的实意)