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LIGHT AND DARKNESS | 光与暗

📖 出处:J. Glentworth Butler, Topical Analysis of the Bible(《圣经主题分析》),1897 年出版,公有领域。原书 p. 283–286

正文中的罗马数字引用(如 XI. 268)指向作者另一部著作 The Bible Work 的卷号与页码,保留原样。明显的 OCR 识别错误已修正。经文中文采用和合本通行译法。经文英文原文为 KJV/RV(1611/1885),其下 BSB 行是现代英语对照译文(Berean Standard Bible,公有领域)。

💡 使用提示:鼠标悬停任意英文单词 1.5 秒(或点击)可查看音标与释义——带下划线的是本词条精编词汇,其余单词自动查通用词典(离线);划选任意单词或短语(如 according to)也可查询并朗读;英文原文默认隐藏,点每节标题右侧的「显示EN」可展开该节,顶部按钮可一次展开全部;顶部另有现代英译与语法说明开关。

光:神是光 / Light: God is Light

ENLIGHT AND DARKNESS. In the Scriptures, Light is closely connected with life and gladness; Darkness with misery and death. Light—God is Light: 1 John 1:5. This then is the message which we have heard of Him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in Him is no darkness at all. Ps. 84:11. The Lord God is a sun and shield. Mal. 4:2. The Sun of righteousness. Light is knowledge—God only has all knowledge; Christ is "the truth." Light is holiness—God alone is holy. Light is joy and peace—God is the infinite source and possessor of these: "My joy" and "My peace," said Christ. Light is glory, which is God's original, exclusive and immanent element and possession; and "the glory of God shineth in the face of Jesus Christ." God is the Giver of light, the Light of life. Testimonies of Old Testament saints: Ps. 4:6, 7. Lord, lift Thou up the light of Thy countenance upon us. Thou hast put gladness in my heart. Ps. 27:1. The Lord is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? Ps. 36:9. For with Thee is the fountain of life: in Thy light shall we see light. Ps. 43:3. O send out Thy light and Thy truth. Ps. 89:15. Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound: they shall walk, O Lord, in the light of Thy countenance. Ps. 97:11. Light is sown for the righteous, and gladness for the upright in heart. Ps. 112:4. Unto the upright there ariseth light in the darkness. Isa. 2:5. Come ye, and let us walk in the light of the Lord. Isa. 50:10. He that hath no light, let him trust in the name of the Lord, and stay upon his God. James 1:17. Every good gift and every perfect boon is from above, coming down from the Father of lights.

BSB1 John 1:5 And this is the message we have heard from Him and announce to you: God is light, and in Him there is no darkness at all.

语法参:倒装(宾语/状语前置引起的主谓倒装) → 001 in Him is no darkness at all / Unto the upright there ariseth light:介词短语前置+倒装两连。
语法参:Let + 第三人称祈使句 → 003 let us walk in the light / let him trust in the name of the Lord:let 祈使两连。
语法Light is knowledge … Light is holiness … Light is joy … Light is glory:四连定义式排比——编者把『光』逐层解为神的属性;boon:书面语『恩赏』。

中光与暗。在圣经里,光与生命、欢欣紧密相连;暗则与苦难、死亡相连。光——神就是光:约翰一书 1:5 —— 神就是光,在他毫无黑暗。这是我们从主所听见、又报给你们的信息。诗篇 84:11 —— 因为耶和华神是日头,是盾牌。玛拉基书 4:2 —— 公义的日头。光就是知识——唯独神有全备的知识;基督是『真理』。光就是圣洁——唯独神是圣洁的。光就是喜乐与平安——神是这二者无限的源头与拥有者;基督说过『我的喜乐』『我的平安』。光就是荣耀,而荣耀是神本有的、独有的、内在的元素与产业;并且『神荣耀的光显在耶稣基督的面上』。神是光的赐予者,是生命之光。旧约圣徒的见证:诗篇 4:6-7 —— 耶和华啊,求你仰起脸来,光照我们。你使我心里快乐。27:1 —— 耶和华是我的亮光,是我的拯救,我还怕谁呢?36:9 —— 因为在你那里有生命的源头;在你的光中,我们必得见光。43:3 —— 求你发出你的亮光和真实。89:15 —— 知道向你欢呼的,那民是有福的。耶和华啊,他们在你脸上的光里行走。97:11 —— 散布亮光是为义人,预备喜乐是为正直人。112:4 —— 正直人在黑暗中,有光向他发现。以赛亚书 2:5 —— 来吧,我们在耶和华的光明中行走。50:10 —— 谁是……行在暗中没有亮光的呢?他当倚靠耶和华的名,仗赖自己的神。雅各书 1:17 —— 各样美善的恩赐和各样全备的赏赐都是从上头来的,从众光之父那里降下来的。

ENChrist the Light of the world, the Life of men: John 1:4, 9. In Him was life; and the life was the light of men. That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world. John 8:12. I am the light of the world: he that followeth Me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. John 9:5. As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world. John 12:35, 36, 46. Yet a little while is the light with you. While ye have the light, believe in the light, that ye may become the children of light. I am come a light into the world, that whosoever believeth on Me should not abide in darkness. 2 Cor. 4:6. God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. 1 John 1:7. If we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanseth us from all sin. 1 John 2:10. He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is none occasion of stumbling in him.

BSBJohn 8:12 Once again, Jesus spoke to the people and said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows Me will never walk in the darkness, but will have the light of life.”

语法参:him that / them that = he who / those who → 001 he that followeth Me / He that loveth his brother:跟从我的/爱弟兄的。
语法参:古英语动词词尾 -eth / -est → 001 lighteth / abideth / cleanseth:照亮/住在/洗净。

中基督是世界的光,是人的生命:约翰福音 1:4, 9 —— 生命在他里头,这生命就是人的光。那光是真光,照亮一切生在世上的人。8:12 —— 我是世界的光。跟从我的,就不在黑暗里走,必要得着生命的光。9:5 —— 我在世上的时候,是世上的光。12:35-36, 46 —— 光在你们中间还有不多的时候……你们应当趁着有光,信从这光,使你们成为光明之子。我到世上来,乃是光,叫凡信我的不住在黑暗里。哥林多后书 4:6 —— 那吩咐光从黑暗里照出来的神,已经照在我们心里,叫我们得知神荣耀的光显在耶稣基督的面上。约翰一书 1:7 —— 我们若在光明中行,如同神在光明中,就彼此相交,他儿子耶稣的血也洗净我们一切的罪。2:10 —— 爱弟兄的,就是住在光明中,在他并没有绊跌的缘由。

来世的光;黑暗 / Light in the Hereafter; Darkness

ENLight in the hereafter—heaven a sphere of light, the Lamb the light thereof: Zech. 14:7. At evening time it shall be light. Col. 1:12, 13. Giving thanks unto the Father, which hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light; who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of His dear Son. Isa. 60:19, 20. The Lord shall be unto thee an everlasting light, and thy God thy glory. Rev. 21:23. The glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof. Rev. 22:5. The Lord God giveth them light: and they shall reign for ever and ever.

BSBRevelation 21:23 And the city has no need of sun or moon to shine on it, because the glory of God illuminates the city, and the Lamb is its lamp.

语法参:介词前置的关系从句 to whom / of which → 001 the light thereof:thereof =【古】of it(城的灯)。
语法made us meet to be partakers:meet 古义『配得的,合宜的』(叫我们能与众圣徒同得基业);translated:古义『迁移』(把我们迁到爱子国里)。

中来世的光——天堂是光的领域,羔羊为其光:撒迦利亚书 14:7 —— 到了晚上才有光明。歌罗西书 1:12-13 —— 又感谢父,叫我们能与众圣徒在光明中同得基业。他救了我们脱离黑暗的权势,把我们迁到他爱子的国里。以赛亚书 60:19-20 —— 耶和华却要作你永远的光,你神要为你的荣耀。启示录 21:23 —— 因有神的荣耀光照,又有羔羊为城的灯。22:5 —— 因为主神要光照他们,他们要作王,直到永永远远。

ENDarkness—from light to darkness: Job 18:5, 18. The light of the wicked shall be put out. He shall be driven from light into darkness. Job 38:15. From the wicked their light is withholden. Isa. 5:20. Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness! Jer. 13:16. Give glory to the Lord your God, before He cause darkness, and before your feet stumble upon the dark mountains; and, while ye look for light, He turn it into the shadow of death, and make it gross darkness. Matt. 6:23. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness! John 3:19, 20. This is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. 2 Cor. 6:14. What communion hath light with darkness? Heirs and heritage of darkness: Prov. 2:13. Who leave the paths of uprightness, to walk in the ways of darkness. Prov. 4:19. The way of the wicked is as darkness. 1 John 2:11. He that hateth his brother is in darkness, and walketh in darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because that darkness hath blinded his eyes. Job 10:22. A land of darkness, as darkness itself. Matt. 8:12; 22:13. The outer darkness. 2 Pet. 2:4. Delivered them into chains of darkness. Jude 6, 13. In everlasting chains under darkness; . . . to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever.

BSBIsaiah 5:20 Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who turn darkness to light and light to darkness, who replace bitter with sweet and sweet with bitter.

语法参:him that / them that = he who / those who → 001 every one that doeth evil / He that hateth his brother:凡作恶的/恨弟兄的。
语法参:lest 引导的目的/防备从句 → 003 lest his deeds should be reproved:lest 从句+should(恐怕行为受责备)。
语法put darkness for light, and light for darkness:以 A 为 B 的交叉对举(chiasmus)——以赛亚书六祸之一;gross darkness:浓密的幽暗。

中黑暗——从光入暗:约伯记 18:5, 18 —— 恶人的亮光必要熄灭……他必从光明中被撵到黑暗里。38:15 —— 亮光不照恶人。以赛亚书 5:20 —— 祸哉,那些称恶为善、称善为恶,以暗为光、以光为暗的人!耶利米书 13:16 —— 耶和华你们的神未使黑暗来到,你们的脚未在昏暗山上绊跌之先,当将荣耀归给他;免得你们盼望光明,他使光明变为死荫,成为幽暗。马太福音 6:23 —— 你里头的光若黑暗了,那黑暗是何等大呢!约翰福音 3:19-20 —— 光来到世间,世人因自己的行为是恶的,不爱光倒爱黑暗,定他们的罪就是在此。凡作恶的便恨光,并不来就光,恐怕他的行为受责备。哥林多后书 6:14 —— 光明和黑暗有什么相通呢?黑暗的承受者与产业:箴言 2:13 —— 那等人舍弃正直的路,行走黑暗的道。4:19 —— 恶人的道好像幽暗。约翰一书 2:11 —— 惟独恨弟兄的,是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行,也不知道往哪里去,因为黑暗叫他眼睛瞎了。约伯记 10:22 —— 那地黑暗,如同幽冥。马太福音 8:12;22:13 —— 外边的黑暗里。彼得后书 2:4 —— 丢在地狱,交在黑暗坑中。犹大书 6, 13 —— 用锁链把他们永远拘留在黑暗里……有墨黑的幽暗为他们永远存留。

词汇表(CET-4 及以上)

单词音标词性与释义
countenance/ˈkaʊntənəns/n. 容颜(脸上的光)【GRE】
boon/buːn/n.【书面】恩赏(各样全备的赏赐)【GRE】
meet/miːt/adj.【古义】配得的,合宜的
gross darkness/ɡrəʊs ˈdɑːknəs/浓密的幽暗
reprove/rɪˈpruːv/v. 责备【GRE】
communion/kəˈmjuːniən/n. 相通(光明与黑暗有何相通)【GRE】