COVENANTS AND COVENANT PROMISES OF GOD ｜ 神的诸约与立约应许

ENWith Noah personally—the Covenant of Preservation. Gen. 6:18. I establish My covenant with thee … to keep them alive. Heb. 11:7. Prepared an ark to the saving of his house, and became heir of the righteousness which is by faith. With Noah, for the Race—the Covenant of God's Forbearance. Gen. 9:8-17. The waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. Gen. 8:20-22. Neither will I again smite any more every thing living.

BSBGenesis 9:11 And I establish My covenant with you: Never again will all life be cut off by the waters of a flood; never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth.”

中与挪亚个人所立——保存之约。创世记 6:18 —— 我却要与你立约……好在你那里保全生命。希伯来书 11:7 —— 预备了一只方舟，使他全家得救，自己也承受了那从信而来的义。与挪亚、为全人类所立——神宽容之约。创世记 9:8-17 —— 凡有血肉的，不再被洪水灭绝（虹为立约的记号）。8:20-22 —— 也不再按着我才行的灭各种的活物了。

ENThe One Unchangeable Covenant of Grace, based upon the Promise at the Fall, Gen. 3:15. A series of Covenant Promises made to Abraham as the Representative Believer, including: (1) the making of his seed a great nation, and the gift of Canaan for its possession—a promise typical of the innumerable host in the heavenly Canaan; (2) the spiritual blessing to come to all peoples through Christ, the Pre-eminent Seed of Abraham. Gal. 3:16. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ.

BSBGalatians 3:16 The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. The Scripture does not say, “and to seeds,” meaning many, but “and to your seed,” meaning One, who is Christ.

中那惟一不变的恩典之约，奠基于堕落之时的应许（创世记 3:15——女人的后裔要伤你的头）。向亚伯拉罕（作为代表性的信徒）所发的系列立约应许，包括：（一）使他的后裔成为大国，并赐迦南地为业——这应许预表天上迦南中无可胜数的群众；（二）万民要借着基督——亚伯拉罕那位卓越的后裔——得属灵的福分。加拉太书 3:16 —— 神并不是说『众子孙』，指着许多人；乃是说『你那一个子孙』，指着一个人，就是基督。

ENFirst at Haran: Gen. 12:1-3. I will make of thee a great nation … and in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed. At Bethel: Gen. 13:14-16. Thy seed as the dust of the earth. At Hebron: Gen. 15:5, 18. Thy seed as the stars. In that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram—confirmed by sacrificial symbol, as a sign and seal (vs. 8-17). Renewed and sealed by Circumcision: Gen. 17:2-11, 19, 21. I will establish My covenant between Me and thee and thy seed after thee for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. Gen. 18:18. At Moriah: Gen. 22:17, 18. In thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed. Renewed to Isaac (Gen. 26:3, 4) and to Jacob (Gen. 28:13, 14; 35:11, 12; 46:1-4). Referred to: 2 Kings 13:23. Neh. 9:8. Luke 1:73. Rom. 4. Gal. 3:16, 29. Acts 7:8.

BSBGenesis 22:17, 18 17 I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies. 18 And through your offspring all nations of the earth will be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice.”

中首次在哈兰：创世记 12:1-3 —— 我必叫你成为大国……地上的万族都要因你得福。在伯特利：13:14-16 —— 使你的后裔如同地上的尘沙。在希伯仑：15:5, 18 —— 你的后裔将要如此（如天上的星）。当那日，耶和华与亚伯兰立约——并以祭牲之礼印证为记号（8-17 节：剖开的祭牲之间，冒烟的炉与烧着的火把经过）。以割礼重申并盖印：17:2-11, 19, 21 —— 我要与你并你世世代代的后裔坚立我的约，作永远的约，是要作你和你后裔的神。18:18；在摩利亚山：22:17-18 —— 地上万国都必因你的后裔得福。向以撒重申（26:3-4）、向雅各重申（28:13-14；35:11-12；46:1-4）。后世提及：列王纪下 13:23；尼希米记 9:8；路加福音 1:73（就是他对我们祖宗亚伯拉罕所起的誓）；罗马书 4 章；加拉太书 3:16, 29；使徒行传 7:8。

ENThe Covenant Transaction between Jehovah and the newly redeemed "Church in the Wilderness" (Acts 7:38) under Moses—a covenant with this Church as a representative body, standing for the Church in all ages, made at Sinai and founded on the Covenant with Abraham. Ex. 19:3-8. Ex. 24:3-8. Ratified by the sprinkling of sacrificial blood upon altar and people. Summary of the covenant engagements: Deut. 26:16-18. Thou hast avouched the Lord this day to be thy God; and the Lord hath avouched thee this day to be a peculiar people unto Himself. The Covenant with David, whose person and reign were typical of Messiah and His Reign: 2 Sam. 7:12-16. Ezek. 37:22-26.

BSBExodus 19:5, 6 5 Now if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, you will be My treasured possession out of all the nations—for the whole earth is Mine. 6 And unto Me you shall be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you are to speak to the Israelites.”

中耶和华与摩西之下新蒙救赎的『旷野教会』（使徒行传 7:38）之间的立约——与这作为代表团体、代表历世历代教会的会众立约，立于西奈山，根基在与亚伯拉罕所立的约上。出埃及记 19:3-8（你们要归我作祭司的国度，为圣洁的国民）；24:3-8 —— 以祭牲之血洒在坛上和百姓身上为凭。立约义务的总括：申命记 26:16-18 —— 你今日认耶和华为你的神……耶和华今日照他所应许你的，也认你为他的子民（原文作宝贵的子民）。与大卫所立的约——大卫的位格与统治预表弥赛亚及其国度：撒母耳记下 7:12-16（我必坚定他的国位，直到永远）；以西结书 37:22-26。

ENThe New and Better Covenant of the Gospel Age—the full realization of spiritual blessings imperfectly disclosed to Abraham and Moses in symbol and type, and typically through David and his reign. Pre-announced by Jeremiah and Ezekiel: Jer. 31:31-34. I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel … I will put My law in their inward parts, and in their heart will I write it … for I will forgive their iniquity. I will be their God, and they shall be My people. Ezek. 11:19, 20. Ezek. 36:25-27. I will sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be clean. A new heart also will I give you … and I will put My Spirit within you. The typical and temporary character of the Mosaic ritual, and the comparison of the "first," "old" covenant of Sinai with the "new and better covenant, established upon better promises" (Heb. 8:6): Heb. 8:1-13; 9:1-26; 12:24. Many assurances that the covenant is "everlasting," and that God is "ever mindful of His covenant."

BSBJeremiah 31:33 “But this is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the LORD. I will put My law in their minds and inscribe it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they will be My people.

中福音时代新而更美的约——在表记与预表中不完全地启示给亚伯拉罕和摩西、又借大卫及其统治预表出来的属灵福分，至此完全实现。由耶利米和以西结预先宣告：耶利米书 31:31-34 —— 我要与以色列家和犹大家另立新约……我要将我的律法放在他们里面，写在他们心上……我要赦免他们的罪孽，不再记念他们的罪恶。我要作他们的神，他们要作我的子民。以西结书 11:19-20；36:25-27 —— 我必用清水洒在你们身上，你们就洁净了……我也要赐给你们一个新心……我必将我的灵放在你们里面。摩西礼仪之预表性与暂时性，以及西奈『头一个』『旧』约与『凭更美之应许立的更美之约』（希伯来书 8:6）的比较：希伯来书 8:1-13；9:1-26；12:24（新约的中保耶稣，以及所洒的血）。经上多处确言这约是『永远的约』、神『永远记念他的约』。